diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index ea8c4bf..70fe7aa 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+.history
 /target
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 2e7f101..3f56119 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -1745,6 +1745,8 @@ name = "python-utils-macros"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "python-utils-macros-impl",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 284fc1c..41eb436 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -26,11 +26,14 @@ derive_more = "2.1.0"
 ext-trait = "2.0.1"
 mitsein = "0.8"
 palette = "0.7"
+proc-macro2 = "1.0.106"
 pyo3 = "0.27"
 pyo3-async-runtimes = "0.27"
+quote = "1.0.46"
 serde = "1.0.228"
 snafu = "0.8.9"
 strum = "0.27.2"
+syn = "2.0.118"
 tokio = "1.48.0"
 tracing = "0.1.43"
 typed-builder = "0.22"
diff --git a/entrypoint/src/lib.rs b/entrypoint/src/lib.rs
index 342f22f..d902ebc 100644
--- a/entrypoint/src/lib.rs
+++ b/entrypoint/src/lib.rs
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ async fn real_main(
         async {
             let jacob_phone_id = "galaxy_s21_ultra_1";
             let jacob_phone_object_id = ObjectId::from_str(jacob_phone_id).unwrap();
-            
+
             let services = Python::attach(|py| home_assistant.services(py)).unwrap();
 
             let mut interval = interval(Duration::from_secs(15));
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ async fn real_main(
             //         filter: command::DoNotDisturbFilter::Off,
             //     }, context, target, false).await;
             //     dbg!(turn_off_result);
-                
+
             //     let instant = interval.tick().await;
             //     let context: Option<Context<()>> = None;
             //     let target: Option<()> = None;
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ async fn real_main(
             //         filter: command::DoNotDisturbFilter::AlarmsOnly,
             //     }, context, target, false).await;
             //     dbg!(alarms_only_result);
-                
+
             //     let instant = interval.tick().await;
             //     let context: Option<Context<()>> = None;
             //     let target: Option<()> = None;
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ async fn real_main(
             //         filter: command::DoNotDisturbFilter::PriorityOnly,
             //     }, context, target, false).await;
             //     dbg!(priority_only_result);
-                
+
             //     let instant = interval.tick().await;
             //     let context: Option<Context<()>> = None;
             //     let target: Option<()> = None;
@@ -192,7 +192,8 @@ async fn real_main(
             //     dbg!(total_silence_result);
             // }
         }
-    ).0
+    )
+    .0
 }
 
 #[pyfunction]
diff --git a/home-assistant/Cargo.toml b/home-assistant/Cargo.toml
index 5205286..762c0ea 100644
--- a/home-assistant/Cargo.toml
+++ b/home-assistant/Cargo.toml
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ once_cell = "1.21.3"
 protocol = { path = "../protocol" }
 pyo3 = { workspace = true }
 pyo3-async-runtimes = { workspace = true, features = ["tokio-runtime"] }
-python-utils = { path = "../python-utils" }
+python-utils = { path = "../python-utils", features = ["macros"] }
 snafu = { workspace = true }
 strum = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
 tokio = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/home-assistant/src/entity_id.rs b/home-assistant/src/entity_id.rs
index a3bf661..787c377 100644
--- a/home-assistant/src/entity_id.rs
+++ b/home-assistant/src/entity_id.rs
@@ -1,18 +1,13 @@
-use std::{convert::Infallible, fmt::Display, str::FromStr};
-
-use pyo3::{
-    exceptions::{PyException, PyValueError},
-    prelude::*,
-    types::PyString,
-};
+use python_utils::{FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy};
 use snafu::{ResultExt, Snafu};
+use std::{fmt::Display, str::FromStr};
 
 use super::{
     domain::Domain,
     object_id::{ObjectId, ObjectIdParsingError},
 };
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy)]
 pub struct EntityId(pub Domain, pub ObjectId);
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Snafu)]
@@ -47,47 +42,3 @@ impl Display for EntityId {
         write!(f, "{domain}.{object_id}")
     }
 }
-
-#[derive(Debug, Snafu)]
-pub enum ExtractEntityIdError {
-    /// couldn't extract the object as a string
-    ExtractStringError { source: PyErr },
-
-    /// couldn't parse the string as an [`EntityId`]
-    ParseError { source: EntityIdParsingError },
-}
-
-impl From<ExtractEntityIdError> for PyErr {
-    fn from(error: ExtractEntityIdError) -> Self {
-        match &error {
-            ExtractEntityIdError::ExtractStringError { .. } => {
-                PyException::new_err(error.to_string())
-            }
-            ExtractEntityIdError::ParseError { .. } => PyValueError::new_err(error.to_string()),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// TODO: replace with a derive(PyFromStr) (analogous to serde_with::DeserializeFromStr) once I make one
-impl<'a, 'py> FromPyObject<'a, 'py> for EntityId {
-    type Error = ExtractEntityIdError;
-
-    fn extract(ob: Borrowed<'a, 'py, PyAny>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let s = ob.extract().context(ExtractStringSnafu)?;
-        let entity_id = EntityId::from_str(s).context(ParseSnafu)?;
-
-        Ok(entity_id)
-    }
-}
-
-// TODO: replace with a derive(DisplayToPy) (analogous to serde_with::SerializeDisplay) once I make one
-impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for EntityId {
-    type Target = PyString;
-    type Output = Bound<'py, Self::Target>;
-    type Error = Infallible;
-
-    fn into_pyobject(self, py: Python<'py>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
-        let s = self.to_string();
-        s.into_pyobject(py)
-    }
-}
diff --git a/home-assistant/src/event/context/id.rs b/home-assistant/src/event/context/id.rs
index b23ab9a..f7d0168 100644
--- a/home-assistant/src/event/context/id.rs
+++ b/home-assistant/src/event/context/id.rs
@@ -1,36 +1,28 @@
-use std::{convert::Infallible, sync::Arc};
+use std::{convert::Infallible, fmt::Display, str::FromStr, sync::Arc};
 
-use pyo3::{exceptions::PyTypeError, prelude::*, types::PyString};
-use snafu::{ResultExt, Snafu};
+use python_utils::{FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy};
 use ulid::Ulid;
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy)]
 pub enum Id {
     Ulid(Ulid),
     Other(Arc<str>),
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Snafu)]
-pub enum ExtractIdError {
-    /// couldn't extract the given object as a string
-    ExtractStringError { source: PyErr },
-}
-
-impl From<ExtractIdError> for PyErr {
-    fn from(error: ExtractIdError) -> Self {
-        match &error {
-            ExtractIdError::ExtractStringError { .. } => PyTypeError::new_err(error.to_string()),
+impl From<String> for Id {
+    fn from(s: String) -> Self {
+        if let Ok(ulid) = s.parse() {
+            Id::Ulid(ulid)
+        } else {
+            Id::Other(s.into())
         }
     }
 }
 
-// TODO: replace with a derive(PyFromStr) (analogous to serde_with::DeserializeFromStr) once I make one
-impl<'a, 'py> FromPyObject<'a, 'py> for Id {
-    type Error = ExtractIdError;
-
-    fn extract(ob: Borrowed<'a, 'py, PyAny>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let s = ob.extract::<&str>().context(ExtractStringSnafu)?;
+impl FromStr for Id {
+    type Err = Infallible;
 
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
         if let Ok(ulid) = s.parse() {
             Ok(Id::Ulid(ulid))
         } else {
@@ -39,18 +31,11 @@ impl<'a, 'py> FromPyObject<'a, 'py> for Id {
     }
 }
 
-// TODO: replace with a derive(DisplayToPy) (analogous to serde_with::SerializeDisplay) once I make one
-impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for Id {
-    type Target = PyString;
-
-    type Output = Bound<'py, Self::Target>;
-
-    type Error = Infallible;
-
-    fn into_pyobject(self, py: Python<'py>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
+impl Display for Id {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
-            Id::Ulid(ulid) => ulid.to_string().into_pyobject(py),
-            Id::Other(id) => id.into_pyobject(py),
+            Id::Ulid(ulid) => write!(f, "{ulid}"),
+            Id::Other(other) => write!(f, "{other}"),
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/home-assistant/src/event/specific/state_changed.rs b/home-assistant/src/event/specific/state_changed.rs
index 7b55f81..c4d14ff 100644
--- a/home-assistant/src/event/specific/state_changed.rs
+++ b/home-assistant/src/event/specific/state_changed.rs
@@ -1,42 +1,39 @@
-use pyo3::exceptions::{PyTypeError, PyValueError};
-use pyo3::prelude::*;
-use snafu::{ResultExt, Snafu};
+use std::fmt::Display;
+use std::str::FromStr;
+
+use pyo3::FromPyObject;
+use python_utils::{FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy};
+use snafu::Snafu;
 
 use crate::{entity_id::EntityId, state_object::StateObject};
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+// TODO: replace with a derive(PyFromStrLiteral) / #[literal = "state_changed"] once I learn how to make something like that and see about serde or strum integration or inspiration
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy)]
 pub struct Type;
 
+/// expected a string of value "state_changed", but got {actual}
 #[derive(Debug, Snafu)]
-pub enum ExtractTypeError {
-    /// couldn't extract this object as a string
-    ExtractStringError { source: PyErr },
-
-    /// expected a string of value "state_changed", but got {actual}
-    UnexpectedValue { actual: String },
+pub struct ParseTypeError {
+    actual: String,
 }
 
-impl From<ExtractTypeError> for PyErr {
-    fn from(error: ExtractTypeError) -> Self {
-        match &error {
-            ExtractTypeError::ExtractStringError { .. } => PyTypeError::new_err(error.to_string()),
-            ExtractTypeError::UnexpectedValue { .. } => PyValueError::new_err(error.to_string()),
+impl FromStr for Type {
+    type Err = ParseTypeError;
+
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+        if s == "state_changed" {
+            Ok(Self)
+        } else {
+            Err(ParseTypeError {
+                actual: s.to_owned(),
+            })
         }
     }
 }
 
-// TODO: replace with a derive(PyFromStrLiteral) / #[literal = "state_changed"] once I learn how to make something like that and see about serde or strum integration or inspiration
-impl<'a, 'py> FromPyObject<'a, 'py> for Type {
-    type Error = ExtractTypeError;
-
-    fn extract(ob: Borrowed<'a, 'py, PyAny>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let s = ob.extract::<&str>().context(ExtractStringSnafu)?;
-
-        if s == "state_changed" {
-            Ok(Type)
-        } else {
-            Err(ExtractTypeError::UnexpectedValue { actual: s.into() })
-        }
+impl Display for Type {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "state_changed")
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/home-assistant/src/notify/service/mobile_app/mod.rs b/home-assistant/src/notify/service/mobile_app/mod.rs
index 4944eec..8c062d6 100644
--- a/home-assistant/src/notify/service/mobile_app/mod.rs
+++ b/home-assistant/src/notify/service/mobile_app/mod.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 use std::{convert::Infallible, str::FromStr};
 
-use pyo3::{types::{PyDict, PyString, PyDictMethods}, Bound, IntoPyObject, Python, PyErr};
-use python_utils::IntoPyObjectViaDisplay;
+use pyo3::{
+    types::{PyDict, PyDictMethods, PyString},
+    Bound, IntoPyObject, PyErr, Python,
+};
+use python_utils::{FromPyFromStr, IntoPyObjectViaDisplay, ToStrToPy};
 use snafu::Snafu;
 use strum::EnumString;
 use url::Url;
@@ -84,7 +87,7 @@ impl TryFrom<String> for NonSpecialMessage {
 }
 
 /// How much of a notification is visible on the lock screen
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, EnumString, strum::Display)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, EnumString, strum::Display, FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy)]
 #[strum(serialize_all = "snake_case")]
 pub enum Visibility {
     /// always show all notification content
@@ -98,38 +101,14 @@ pub enum Visibility {
     Secret,
 }
 
-// TODO: replace with a derive(DisplayToPy) (analogous to serde_with::SerializeDisplay) once I make one
-impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for Visibility {
-    type Target = PyString;
-    type Output = Bound<'py, Self::Target>;
-    type Error = Infallible;
-
-    fn into_pyobject(self, py: Python<'py>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
-        let s = self.to_string();
-        s.into_pyobject(py)
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, EnumString, strum::Display)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, EnumString, strum::Display, FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy)]
 pub enum Behavior {
     /// prompt for text to return with the event
     #[strum(serialize = "textInput")]
     TextInput,
 }
 
-// TODO: replace with a derive(DisplayToPy) (analogous to serde_with::SerializeDisplay) once I make one
-impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for Behavior {
-    type Target = PyString;
-    type Output = Bound<'py, Self::Target>;
-    type Error = Infallible;
-
-    fn into_pyobject(self, py: Python<'py>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
-        let s = self.to_string();
-        s.into_pyobject(py)
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, EnumString, strum::Display)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, EnumString, strum::Display, FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy)]
 #[strum(serialize_all = "camelCase")]
 pub enum ActivationMode {
     /// launch the app when tapped
@@ -139,18 +118,6 @@ pub enum ActivationMode {
     Background,
 }
 
-// TODO: replace with a derive(DisplayToPy) (analogous to serde_with::SerializeDisplay) once I make one
-impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for ActivationMode {
-    type Target = PyString;
-    type Output = Bound<'py, Self::Target>;
-    type Error = Infallible;
-
-    fn into_pyobject(self, py: Python<'py>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
-        let s = self.to_string();
-        s.into_pyobject(py)
-    }
-}
-
 // TODO: better typed versions like `CallNumber` or `OpenWebpage` where Action: From<CallNumber> and Action: From<OpenWebPage>
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, IntoPyObject, typed_builder::TypedBuilder)]
 #[builder(field_defaults(default, setter(strip_option(fallback_suffix = "_option"))))]
@@ -190,7 +157,7 @@ pub struct Action {
     pub icon: Option<String>,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, EnumString, strum::Display)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, EnumString, strum::Display, FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy)]
 #[strum(serialize_all = "snake_case", suffix = "_stream")]
 pub enum MediaStream {
     Alarm,
@@ -203,18 +170,6 @@ pub enum MediaStream {
     System,
 }
 
-// TODO: replace with a derive(DisplayToPy) (analogous to serde_with::SerializeDisplay) once I make one
-impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for MediaStream {
-    type Target = PyString;
-    type Output = Bound<'py, Self::Target>;
-    type Error = Infallible;
-
-    fn into_pyobject(self, py: Python<'py>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
-        let s = self.to_string();
-        s.into_pyobject(py)
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, Default, Clone, typed_builder::TypedBuilder)]
 #[builder(field_defaults(default, setter(strip_option(fallback_suffix = "_option"))))]
 pub struct NotifyMobileAppServiceDataData {
@@ -232,7 +187,13 @@ impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for NotifyMobileAppServiceDataData {
     type Error = PyErr;
 
     fn into_pyobject(self, py: Python<'py>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
-        let NotifyMobileAppServiceDataData { actions, command, media_stream, tts_text, visibility } = self;
+        let NotifyMobileAppServiceDataData {
+            actions,
+            command,
+            media_stream,
+            tts_text,
+            visibility,
+        } = self;
 
         let dict = PyDict::new(py);
 
@@ -279,7 +240,11 @@ impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for NotifyMobileAppServiceData {
     type Error = PyErr;
 
     fn into_pyobject(self, py: Python<'py>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
-        let NotifyMobileAppServiceData { message, title, data } = self;
+        let NotifyMobileAppServiceData {
+            message,
+            title,
+            data,
+        } = self;
 
         let dict = PyDict::new(py);
 
@@ -293,4 +258,4 @@ impl<'py> IntoPyObject<'py> for NotifyMobileAppServiceData {
 
         Ok(dict)
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/home-assistant/src/notify/service/mobile_app/standard.rs b/home-assistant/src/notify/service/mobile_app/standard.rs
index c2c7a89..0d716bd 100644
--- a/home-assistant/src/notify/service/mobile_app/standard.rs
+++ b/home-assistant/src/notify/service/mobile_app/standard.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use std::str::FromStr;
 
 use mitsein::vec1::Vec1;
-use pyo3::{types::PyAnyMethods, IntoPyObject, Python};
 
 use crate::{
     object_id::ObjectId,
diff --git a/home-assistant/src/sensor/device_classes/power.rs b/home-assistant/src/sensor/device_classes/power.rs
index 581b097..5be534c 100644
--- a/home-assistant/src/sensor/device_classes/power.rs
+++ b/home-assistant/src/sensor/device_classes/power.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::{future::Future, str::FromStr, sync::Arc};
+use std::{future::Future, sync::Arc};
 
 use emitter_and_signal::{Signal, SignalExt};
 use pyo3::{
diff --git a/home-assistant/src/slug.rs b/home-assistant/src/slug.rs
index 2b668f4..baeee53 100644
--- a/home-assistant/src/slug.rs
+++ b/home-assistant/src/slug.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 use std::{str::FromStr, sync::Arc};
 
 use pyo3::{exceptions::PyValueError, PyErr};
+use python_utils::{FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy};
 use snafu::Snafu;
 
-// TODO: derive(PyFromStr) (analogous to serde_with::DeserializeFromStr) once I make one
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, derive_more::Display)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, derive_more::Display, FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy)]
 pub struct Slug(Arc<str>);
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Snafu)]
diff --git a/home-assistant/src/state/error_state.rs b/home-assistant/src/state/error_state.rs
index 2c50931..1037256 100644
--- a/home-assistant/src/state/error_state.rs
+++ b/home-assistant/src/state/error_state.rs
@@ -1,55 +1,12 @@
-use std::str::FromStr;
-
-use pyo3::{
-    exceptions::{PyException, PyValueError},
-    prelude::*,
-};
-use snafu::{ResultExt, Snafu};
+use python_utils::{FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy};
 use strum::EnumString;
 
 /// A state in Home Assistant that is known to represent an error of some kind:
 /// * `unavailable` (the device is likely offline or unreachable from the Home Assistant instance)
 /// * `unknown` (I don't know how to explain this one)
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, EnumString, strum::Display)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, EnumString, strum::Display, FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy)]
 #[strum(serialize_all = "snake_case")]
 pub enum ErrorState {
     Unavailable,
     Unknown,
 }
-
-#[derive(Debug, Snafu)]
-pub enum ExtractErrorStateError {
-    /// couldn't extract the object as a string
-    ExtractStringError { source: PyErr },
-
-    /// the string had an unexpected value
-    UnexpectedValue {
-        source: <ErrorState as FromStr>::Err,
-    },
-}
-
-impl From<ExtractErrorStateError> for PyErr {
-    fn from(error: ExtractErrorStateError) -> Self {
-        match &error {
-            ExtractErrorStateError::ExtractStringError { .. } => {
-                PyException::new_err(error.to_string())
-            }
-            ExtractErrorStateError::UnexpectedValue { .. } => {
-                PyValueError::new_err(error.to_string())
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// TODO: replace with a derive(PyFromStr) (analogous to serde_with::DeserializeFromStr) once I make one
-impl<'a, 'py> FromPyObject<'a, 'py> for ErrorState {
-    type Error = ExtractErrorStateError;
-
-    fn extract(ob: Borrowed<'a, 'py, PyAny>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let s = ob.extract::<String>().context(ExtractStringSnafu)?;
-
-        let state = ErrorState::from_str(&s).context(UnexpectedValueSnafu)?;
-
-        Ok(state)
-    }
-}
diff --git a/home-assistant/src/state/mod.rs b/home-assistant/src/state/mod.rs
index 185eab0..ce74519 100644
--- a/home-assistant/src/state/mod.rs
+++ b/home-assistant/src/state/mod.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use std::{convert::Infallible, str::FromStr};
 
-use pyo3::{exceptions::PyException, prelude::*};
-use snafu::{ResultExt, Snafu};
+use python_utils::{FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy};
 
 pub mod error_state;
 pub mod unexpected_state;
@@ -9,13 +8,30 @@ pub mod unexpected_state;
 pub use error_state::ErrorState;
 pub use unexpected_state::UnexpectedState;
 
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, derive_more::Display)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, derive_more::Display, FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy)]
 pub enum HomeAssistantState<State> {
     Ok(State),
     Err(ErrorState),
     UnexpectedErr(UnexpectedState),
 }
 
+impl<State> From<String> for HomeAssistantState<State>
+where
+    State: FromStr,
+{
+    fn from(s: String) -> Self {
+        if let Ok(ok) = State::from_str(&s) {
+            return HomeAssistantState::Ok(ok);
+        }
+
+        if let Ok(error) = ErrorState::from_str(&s) {
+            return HomeAssistantState::Err(error);
+        }
+
+        HomeAssistantState::UnexpectedErr(UnexpectedState(s.into()))
+    }
+}
+
 impl<State: FromStr> FromStr for HomeAssistantState<State> {
     type Err = Infallible;
 
@@ -31,34 +47,3 @@ impl<State: FromStr> FromStr for HomeAssistantState<State> {
         Ok(HomeAssistantState::UnexpectedErr(UnexpectedState(s.into())))
     }
 }
-
-#[derive(Debug, Snafu)]
-pub enum ExtractHomeAssistantStateError {
-    /// couldn't extract the object as a string
-    ExtractStringError { source: PyErr },
-}
-
-impl From<ExtractHomeAssistantStateError> for PyErr {
-    fn from(error: ExtractHomeAssistantStateError) -> Self {
-        match &error {
-            ExtractHomeAssistantStateError::ExtractStringError { .. } => {
-                PyException::new_err(error.to_string())
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// TODO: replace with a derive(PyFromStr) (analogous to serde_with::DeserializeFromStr) once I make one
-impl<'a, 'py, State: FromStr + FromPyObject<'a, 'py>> FromPyObject<'a, 'py>
-    for HomeAssistantState<State>
-{
-    type Error = ExtractHomeAssistantStateError;
-
-    fn extract(ob: Borrowed<'a, 'py, PyAny>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let s = ob.extract::<&str>().context(ExtractStringSnafu)?;
-
-        let Ok(state) = s.parse();
-
-        Ok(state)
-    }
-}
diff --git a/home-assistant/src/unit_of_measurement/power.rs b/home-assistant/src/unit_of_measurement/power.rs
index 852f6b2..ef9de98 100644
--- a/home-assistant/src/unit_of_measurement/power.rs
+++ b/home-assistant/src/unit_of_measurement/power.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
 use std::str::FromStr;
 
-use pyo3::{
-    exceptions::{PyException, PyValueError},
-    prelude::*,
-};
-use snafu::{ResultExt, Snafu};
+use python_utils::{FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy};
 use strum::EnumString;
 use uom::{
     si::{
@@ -18,7 +14,7 @@ use uom::{
 };
 
 /// Power units
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, EnumString, strum::Display)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, EnumString, strum::Display, FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy)]
 #[strum(serialize_all = "snake_case")]
 pub enum UnitOfMeasurement {
     #[strum(serialize = "mW")]
@@ -37,42 +33,6 @@ pub enum UnitOfMeasurement {
     BtuPerhour,
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, Snafu)]
-pub enum ExtractUnitOfMeasurementError {
-    /// couldn't extract the object as a string
-    ExtractStringError { source: PyErr },
-
-    /// couldn't parse the string as a [`UnitOfMeasurement`]
-    ParseError {
-        source: <UnitOfMeasurement as FromStr>::Err,
-    },
-}
-
-impl From<ExtractUnitOfMeasurementError> for PyErr {
-    fn from(error: ExtractUnitOfMeasurementError) -> Self {
-        match &error {
-            ExtractUnitOfMeasurementError::ExtractStringError { .. } => {
-                PyException::new_err(error.to_string())
-            }
-            ExtractUnitOfMeasurementError::ParseError { .. } => {
-                PyValueError::new_err(error.to_string())
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// TODO: replace with a derive(PyFromStr) (analogous to serde_with::DeserializeFromStr) once I make one
-impl<'a, 'py> FromPyObject<'a, 'py> for UnitOfMeasurement {
-    type Error = ExtractUnitOfMeasurementError;
-
-    fn extract(obj: Borrowed<'a, 'py, PyAny>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let s = obj.extract().context(ExtractStringSnafu)?;
-        let unit_of_measurement = UnitOfMeasurement::from_str(s).context(ParseSnafu)?;
-
-        Ok(unit_of_measurement)
-    }
-}
-
 impl UnitOfMeasurement {
     pub fn into_uom<V>(&self, amount: V) -> Power<V>
     where
diff --git a/python-utils-macros-impl/Cargo.toml b/python-utils-macros-impl/Cargo.toml
index 846b0dd..ed7c77f 100644
--- a/python-utils-macros-impl/Cargo.toml
+++ b/python-utils-macros-impl/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 
 [dependencies]
-proc-macro2 = "1.0.106"
-quote = "1.0.46"
-syn = "2.0.118"
+proc-macro2 = { workspace = true }
+quote = { workspace = true }
+syn = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/python-utils-macros-impl/src/from_py_from_str.rs b/python-utils-macros-impl/src/from_py_from_str.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..759714c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python-utils-macros-impl/src/from_py_from_str.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+use proc_macro2::TokenStream;
+use quote::{ToTokens, quote};
+use syn::{
+    DeriveInput, GenericParam,
+    parse::{Parse, ParseStream},
+    parse_quote,
+};
+
+pub struct FromPyFromStr {
+    derive_input: DeriveInput,
+}
+
+impl Parse for FromPyFromStr {
+    fn parse(input: ParseStream) -> syn::Result<Self> {
+        let derive_input = input.parse()?;
+
+        let this = Self { derive_input };
+
+        Ok(this)
+    }
+}
+
+impl ToTokens for FromPyFromStr {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        let name = &self.derive_input.ident;
+
+        let (_, ty_generics, where_clause) = self.derive_input.generics.split_for_impl();
+        let mut generics = self.derive_input.generics.clone();
+
+        let a_lifetime: GenericParam = parse_quote!('a);
+        let py_lifetime: GenericParam = parse_quote!('py);
+
+        generics.params.push(a_lifetime.clone());
+        generics.params.push(py_lifetime.clone());
+
+        let (impl_generics, _, _) = generics.split_for_impl();
+
+        let output = quote! {
+            impl #impl_generics ::pyo3::conversion::FromPyObject<#a_lifetime, #py_lifetime> for #name #ty_generics #where_clause
+            where
+                #name #ty_generics: ::std::str::FromStr,
+                <#name #ty_generics as ::std::str::FromStr>::Err: ::std::fmt::Display,
+            {
+                type Error = ::python_utils::ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<<#name #ty_generics as ::std::str::FromStr>::Err>;
+
+                fn extract(obj: ::pyo3::Borrowed<#a_lifetime, #py_lifetime, ::pyo3::types::PyAny>) -> ::core::result::Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+                    ::python_utils::FromPyObjectViaParse::extract(obj).map(|wrapper| wrapper.0)
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        dbg!(&output.to_string());
+
+        tokens.extend(output);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/python-utils-macros-impl/src/lib.rs b/python-utils-macros-impl/src/lib.rs
index 08e9809..c1db754 100644
--- a/python-utils-macros-impl/src/lib.rs
+++ b/python-utils-macros-impl/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,17 +1,5 @@
-use proc_macro2::TokenStream;
-use quote::quote;
-use syn::{DeriveInput, parse_macro_input};
+mod from_py_from_str;
+mod to_str_to_py;
 
-pub fn py_from_str(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
-    let derive_input: DeriveInput = parse_macro_input!(input);
-
-    let (impl_generics, ty_generics, where_clause) = generics.split_for_impl();
-
-    let expanded = quote! {
-        impl #impl_generics MyTrait for #name #ty_generics #where_clause {
-            // ...
-        }
-    };
-
-    expanded
-}
+pub use from_py_from_str::FromPyFromStr;
+pub use to_str_to_py::ToStrToPy;
diff --git a/python-utils-macros-impl/src/to_str_to_py.rs b/python-utils-macros-impl/src/to_str_to_py.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ad95ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python-utils-macros-impl/src/to_str_to_py.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+use proc_macro2::TokenStream;
+use quote::{ToTokens, quote};
+use syn::{
+    DeriveInput, GenericParam,
+    parse::{Parse, ParseStream},
+    parse_quote,
+};
+
+pub struct ToStrToPy {
+    derive_input: DeriveInput,
+}
+
+impl Parse for ToStrToPy {
+    fn parse(input: ParseStream) -> syn::Result<Self> {
+        let derive_input = input.parse()?;
+
+        let this = Self { derive_input };
+
+        Ok(this)
+    }
+}
+
+impl ToTokens for ToStrToPy {
+    fn to_tokens(&self, tokens: &mut TokenStream) {
+        let name = &self.derive_input.ident;
+
+        let (_, ty_generics, where_clause) = self.derive_input.generics.split_for_impl();
+        let mut generics = self.derive_input.generics.clone();
+
+        let py_lifetime: GenericParam = parse_quote!('py);
+
+        generics.params.push(py_lifetime.clone());
+
+        let (impl_generics, _, _) = generics.split_for_impl();
+
+        let output = quote! {
+            impl #impl_generics ::pyo3::conversion::IntoPyObject<#py_lifetime> for #name #ty_generics #where_clause
+            where
+                #name #ty_generics: ::std::fmt::Display
+            {
+                type Target = ::pyo3::types::PyString;
+                type Output = ::pyo3::Bound<#py_lifetime, Self::Target>;
+                type Error = ::std::convert::Infallible;
+
+                fn into_pyobject(self, py: ::pyo3::Python<#py_lifetime>) -> ::core::result::Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
+                    let s = ::std::string::ToString::to_string(&self);
+                    ::pyo3::conversion::IntoPyObject::into_pyobject(s, py)
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        dbg!(&output.to_string());
+
+        tokens.extend(output);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/python-utils-macros/Cargo.toml b/python-utils-macros/Cargo.toml
index 4f0319c..2037af7 100644
--- a/python-utils-macros/Cargo.toml
+++ b/python-utils-macros/Cargo.toml
@@ -9,3 +9,5 @@ proc-macro = true
 
 [dependencies]
 python-utils-macros-impl = { path = "../python-utils-macros-impl" }
+quote = { workspace = true }
+syn = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/python-utils-macros/src/lib.rs b/python-utils-macros/src/lib.rs
index cd12e85..6dcf636 100644
--- a/python-utils-macros/src/lib.rs
+++ b/python-utils-macros/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
-use proc_macro::proc_macro_derive;
+use proc_macro::TokenStream;
+use quote::quote;
+use syn::parse_macro_input;
 
-#[proc_macro_derive(PyFromStr)]
-pub fn py_from_str(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
-    python_utils_macros_impl::py_from_str(input.into()).into()
+#[proc_macro_derive(FromPyFromStr)]
+pub fn from_py_from_str(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
+    let item: python_utils_macros_impl::FromPyFromStr = parse_macro_input!(input);
+    quote! { #item }.into()
+}
+
+#[proc_macro_derive(ToStrToPy)]
+pub fn to_str_to_py(input: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
+    let item: python_utils_macros_impl::ToStrToPy = parse_macro_input!(input);
+    quote! { #item }.into()
 }
diff --git a/python-utils/Cargo.toml b/python-utils/Cargo.toml
index 45b279f..9a4f715 100644
--- a/python-utils/Cargo.toml
+++ b/python-utils/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,8 +4,11 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2021"
 license = { workspace = true }
 
+[features]
+macros = ["dep:python-utils-macros"]
+
 [dependencies]
 derive_more = { workspace = true }
 pyo3 = { workspace = true }
-python-utils-macros = { path = "../python-utils-macros" }
+python-utils-macros = { optional = true, path = "../python-utils-macros" }
 snafu = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/python-utils/src/from_pyobject_via_parse.rs b/python-utils/src/from_pyobject_via_parse.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..efeb36d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python-utils/src/from_pyobject_via_parse.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+use std::{
+    fmt::{Debug, Display},
+    str::FromStr,
+    sync::Arc,
+};
+
+use pyo3::{
+    exceptions::{PyException, PyValueError},
+    Borrowed, FromPyObject, PyAny, PyErr,
+};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, derive_more::FromStr)]
+pub struct FromPyObjectViaParse<T>(pub T);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<ParseError> {
+    /// couldn't extract the object as a string
+    ExtractStringError { source: Arc<PyErr> },
+
+    /// couldn't parse the string as an instance of this Rust type
+    ParseError { source: ParseError },
+}
+
+impl<ParseError: Display> Display for ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<ParseError> {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            ExtractPyObjectViaParseError::ExtractStringError { source } => write!(f, "{}", source),
+            ExtractPyObjectViaParseError::ParseError { source } => write!(f, "{}", source),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<ParseError> std::error::Error for ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<ParseError> where
+    ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<ParseError>: Debug + Display
+{
+}
+
+impl<ParseError> From<ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<ParseError>> for PyErr
+where
+    ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<ParseError>: Display,
+{
+    fn from(error: ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<ParseError>) -> Self {
+        match &error {
+            ExtractPyObjectViaParseError::ExtractStringError { .. } => {
+                PyException::new_err(error.to_string())
+            }
+            ExtractPyObjectViaParseError::ParseError { .. } => {
+                PyValueError::new_err(error.to_string())
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, 'py, T> FromPyObject<'a, 'py> for FromPyObjectViaParse<T>
+where
+    T: FromStr,
+    PyErr: From<ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<<T as FromStr>::Err>>,
+{
+    type Error = ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<<T as FromStr>::Err>;
+
+    fn extract(obj: Borrowed<'a, 'py, PyAny>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        let s = obj
+            .extract::<&str>()
+            .map_err(Arc::new)
+            .map_err(|e| ExtractPyObjectViaParseError::ExtractStringError { source: e })?;
+
+        let t = s
+            .parse()
+            .map_err(|e| ExtractPyObjectViaParseError::ParseError { source: e })?;
+
+        Ok(FromPyObjectViaParse(t))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/python-utils/src/into_pyobject_via_display.rs b/python-utils/src/into_pyobject_via_display.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ee641c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/python-utils/src/into_pyobject_via_display.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+use std::{convert::Infallible, fmt::Display};
+
+use pyo3::{types::PyString, Bound, IntoPyObject, Python};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, derive_more::Display)]
+pub struct IntoPyObjectViaDisplay<T>(pub T);
+
+impl<'py, T> IntoPyObject<'py> for IntoPyObjectViaDisplay<T>
+where
+    T: Display,
+{
+    type Target = PyString;
+    type Output = Bound<'py, Self::Target>;
+    type Error = Infallible;
+
+    fn into_pyobject(self, py: Python<'py>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
+        let s = self.to_string();
+        s.into_pyobject(py)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/python-utils/src/lib.rs b/python-utils/src/lib.rs
index 9e07b86..7a087b9 100644
--- a/python-utils/src/lib.rs
+++ b/python-utils/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,15 +1,18 @@
-use std::{convert::Infallible, fmt::Display, str::FromStr, sync::Arc};
-
 use pyo3::{
-    exceptions::{PyException, PyTypeError, PyValueError},
+    exceptions::{PyException, PyTypeError},
     prelude::*,
-    types::PyString,
 };
 use snafu::{ResultExt, Snafu};
 
-pub use python_utils_macros::PyFromStr;
+#[cfg(feature = "macros")]
+pub use python_utils_macros::{FromPyFromStr, ToStrToPy};
 
+pub mod from_pyobject_via_parse;
+pub mod into_pyobject_via_display;
 pub mod none;
+
+pub use from_pyobject_via_parse::{ExtractPyObjectViaParseError, FromPyObjectViaParse};
+pub use into_pyobject_via_display::IntoPyObjectViaDisplay;
 pub use none::IsNone;
 
 /// Create a GIL-independent reference
@@ -83,70 +86,3 @@ pub fn validate_type_by_name(
 
     return Ok(());
 }
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, derive_more::Display)]
-pub struct IntoPyObjectViaDisplay<T>(pub T);
-
-impl<'py, T> IntoPyObject<'py> for IntoPyObjectViaDisplay<T>
-where
-    T: Display,
-{
-    type Target = PyString;
-    type Output = Bound<'py, Self::Target>;
-    type Error = Infallible;
-
-    fn into_pyobject(self, py: Python<'py>) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
-        let s = self.to_string();
-        s.into_pyobject(py)
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, derive_more::FromStr)]
-pub struct FromPyObjectViaParse<T>(pub T);
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Snafu)]
-pub enum ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<ParseError>
-where
-    ParseError: 'static + snafu::Error,
-{
-    /// couldn't extract the object as a string
-    ExtractStringError { source: Arc<PyErr> },
-
-    /// couldn't parse the string as an instance of this Rust type
-    ParseError { source: ParseError },
-}
-
-impl<E> From<ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<E>> for PyErr
-where
-    E: 'static + snafu::Error,
-{
-    fn from(error: ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<E>) -> Self {
-        match &error {
-            ExtractPyObjectViaParseError::ExtractStringError { .. } => {
-                PyException::new_err(error.to_string())
-            }
-            ExtractPyObjectViaParseError::ParseError { .. } => {
-                PyValueError::new_err(error.to_string())
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a, 'py, T> FromPyObject<'a, 'py> for FromPyObjectViaParse<T>
-where
-    T: FromStr,
-    <T as FromStr>::Err: 'static + snafu::Error,
-    PyErr: From<ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<<T as FromStr>::Err>>,
-{
-    type Error = ExtractPyObjectViaParseError<<T as FromStr>::Err>;
-
-    fn extract(obj: Borrowed<'a, 'py, PyAny>) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
-        let s = obj
-            .extract::<&str>()
-            .map_err(Arc::new)
-            .context(ExtractStringSnafu)?;
-        let t = T::from_str(s).context(ParseSnafu)?;
-
-        Ok(FromPyObjectViaParse(t))
-    }
-}